Is There Different Types Of Ms – Multiple sclerosis damages the protective covering around blood vessels in the brain and spinal cord. It can affect many things in the body, causing problems with thinking, vision, mood and movement, among other symptoms.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic or progressive and demyelinating immune disease. It is caused by the destruction of the protective covering (myelin sheath) around the blood vessels in the brain and spinal cord. It interacts with nerves in the brain and spinal cord, where the brain and spinal cord send and receive messages and communicate with the rest of the body.
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The exact cause of MS is still unknown and there is no cure. Symptoms and their severity can vary from person to person.
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. Females are more likely to develop MS than males.
The cause of MS is unknown and there is currently no cure. But treatment helps control symptoms, reduce the number of relapses, and delay the progression (progression) of the disease.
MS directly affects the nervous system because the body’s immune system attacks the myelin in the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms can affect other organs and cause neurological symptoms such as pain and fatigue.
The main symptoms of MS are caused by damage to the myelin sheath and nerves. Doctors can treat these symptoms with drugs that fight MS and slow demyelination. This may include:
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Secondary symptoms of MS are complications that occur as a direct result of MS. Examples include urinary tract infections due to weakened bladder muscles and loss of muscle tone due to inability to walk. Doctors can treat secondary symptoms with drugs and other treatments.
As the immune system damages the myelin sheath, the nerves become exposed. If a nerve is damaged, scar tissue called plaque can form in the central nervous system.
As a result, the blood vessels in the brain cannot communicate well with each other. This can cause neurological symptoms:
People can also become depressed from MS or from difficulty coping with the disease.
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Although rare, in severe cases, MS can cause tremors, seizures, and cognitive problems similar to other neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia.
Damaged nerves of the brain and organs, muscles, tissues and cells are affected by nerve damage in many parts of the body.
For many people, vision problems are the first sign of MS and can start suddenly and affect one or both eyes. They may include:
Although some people with MS experience vision problems, most can be successfully treated with steroids and other short-term treatments such as special contact lenses.
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Although rare, some people with MS may experience hearing loss or deafness as a result of brain damage. These problems usually resolve when the MS flare-up improves. But in some cases they can be stable.
According to the National MS Society (NMSS), 25-40% of people with MS experience speech problems at some point. These may include:
People with MS may develop shortness of breath as a result of demyelination, which can affect the nerves that control the chest muscles. Difficulty controlling these muscles can begin early in the course of the disease and lead to progression. Shortness of breath is a dangerous but rare complication of MS. It can often be improved by working with a respiratory therapist.
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) may also develop. Demyelination can cause swallowing problems if it weakens the muscles involved in swallowing or affects the body’s ability to control them. When swallowing is impaired, food or drink can be inhaled into the lungs, increasing the risk of infections such as pneumonia.
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If you have difficulty swallowing, coughing and wheezing may occur while eating or drinking, and you should be evaluated immediately. Speech or language therapists can often help with swallowing problems.
Demyelination in areas of the brain and spinal cord that control thought, movement, or balance causes weakness or balance in the limbs or body. This happens when the nervous system has trouble sending signals to the nerves and muscles. Symptoms may include:
These effects may begin slowly and worsen as demyelination progresses. Many people with MS initially feel “pins and needles” and have problems with coordination or fine motor skills.
At the same time, limb control and ease of walking may be affected. In these cases, canes, wheelchairs, and other assistive devices can help maintain muscle tone and strength.
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People with MS have a higher risk of developing weak bones (osteoporosis) due to MS treatment (steroids) and inactivity. Weak bones can make people with MS vulnerable to fractures and breaks, which can increase the risk if you have balance and coordination problems.
It suggests that vitamin D deficiency may play an important role in the development of MS. Although its benefits for people with MS are not yet well understood, vitamin D is important for bone health and immunity. More research is needed to determine whether high-dose vitamin D helps people with MS.
MS is thought to be an autoimmune disease. This means that the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy nerves and damages the myelin sheath. Immune system activity contributes to inflammation in many MS conditions. Some symptoms may appear during an MS attack and resolve when the episode is over.
Some MS treatments include drugs and infusions that affect the immune system to slow the progression of the disease. However, drugs that suppress the immune system can make people immune to the disease.
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In some cases, diet and physical therapy or self-care strategies can reduce the impact of these problems on daily life. In other cases, medication or other interventions may be necessary.
This is because nerve damage affects how much urine people with MS can hold in their bladder. MS can be caused by:
These problems can be painful and frequent, even at night or when passing a small amount of urine in the bladder. A catheter may be needed.
Doctors can help people with MS manage their bladder and bowels better and avoid complications. But if left untreated or under control, they can be serious.
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Pregnant women with MS may experience fewer relapses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The NMSS also notes that exclusive breastfeeding can prevent postpartum relapse.
MS symptoms can make sexual intimacy surprising. However, in many cases, sexual problems can be successfully managed with medication, over-the-counter help, or counseling.
Treatment to manage MS symptoms, along with heart-healthy behaviors such as eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly, can reduce a person’s risk.
When you have MS, your immune system causes blood vessels in your brain or spinal cord to become blocked. This inflammation causes nerve damage and demyelination, which can cause symptoms that affect different parts of the body.
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These symptoms can include tingling and numbness, vision changes, muscle stiffness and weakness, and bladder and bowel problems.
NMSS notes that because of preventable or controllable problems and other conditions, life expectancy may be 7 years less than that of people without MS. Depending on the type of MS you have and the severity of your symptoms, you may experience some disability.
MS directly affects the nervous system because the body’s immune system attacks the myelin in the brain and spinal cord. Nerve dysfunction can affect the body in a variety of ways, causing symptoms such as muscle weakness, lack of bladder control, and vision changes.
Although there is no cure for multiple sclerosis, various treatments can manage and modify symptoms while preventing the progression of the disease and the overall effects on your body.
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You can work with your doctor or health care team to develop a treatment plan that addresses your symptoms and helps prevent relapse and disease. This can make MS more manageable.
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Darcy Lewis, Staff Writer, MedPage Today Review By Jacqueline A. Nicholas, MD, MPH, Director, Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, OhioHealth Multiple Sclerosis Center, Columbus
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative disease that attacks the central nervous system (CNS). These attacks cause the destruction of myelin, the protective covering that blocks nerves in the CNS.
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Tissues form at the site of these injuries, which can prevent the CNS from communicating with the rest of the body. When this happens, you may lose your job over time.
MS symptoms can sometimes come and go without treatment. There is often a lot of variation between different people with the same diagnosis, and even within the same person over time.
MS is an unknown disease. If you’ve been diagnosed with MS, you’re wondering what your disease will look like.
The first time you experience symptoms of MS, such as blurred vision, muscle weakness, or sensations