Sustainable Method Of Ground Improvement – Open Access Policy Institutional Open Access Program Special Topics Guidelines Editorial Process Research and Publishing Ethics Ethics Editing Acknowledgments Results Testimonials
All articles are published and available worldwide under an open license. No special permission is required to use all or part of the text published by, including figures and tables. For articles published under the open source Creative Commons CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission as long as the original text is clearly stated. For more information, please refer to https:///openaccess.
Sustainable Method Of Ground Improvement
Leading articles represent cutting-edge research with significant potential for impact in the field. The format should be a large original article that includes several techniques or methods, provides an overview of research methods and describes potential research applications.
An Innovative Method For Soil Vapor Extraction To Improve Extraction And Tail Gas Treatment Efficiency
Special articles are submitted by personal invitation or recommendation of scientific editors and must receive a positive response from reviewers.
Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations from scientific journal editors from around the world. The editors select a small number of articles published recently in the journal that they think are most interesting to readers, or important in the research area. The aim is to provide an overview of some of the interesting work published in the various research areas of the journal.
By Ilhan ChangIlhan Chang SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1, †, Jooyoung ImJooyoung Im SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 2, † by Gye-Chun ChoGye-Chun Cho SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 2, *, †
Submitted: 24 November 2015 / Revised: 3 February 2016 / Accepted: 3 March 2016 / Published: 10 March 2016
Harnessing Soil Biodiversity To Promote Human Health In Cities
Soil treatment and improvement is often done in the field of geotechnical engineering. Methods and resources to do this such as soil stabilization and mixing with cement belts have been used in soil preparation since the beginning of human civilization. The need for more resources and resources is currently increasing. Since cement, which is the most used and effective soil treatment, causes the release of hot gas, other methods such as geosynthetics, chemical polymers, geopolymers, microbial induction, and biopolymers are being studied. This study presents a general review of recent developments in biopolymers in geotechnical engineering. Biopolymers are microbially induced polymers that are high-tensive, harmless and environmentally friendly. Soil-biopolymer interactions and dynamic soil reinforcement methods are discussed in the context of recent and limited studies. In addition, the economic feasibility of biopolymer production in the field is evaluated in comparison with conventional cement, from an environmental point of view. The findings from this study show that biopolymers have a strong potential to replace cement as a soil amendment in the context of construction and natural development. In addition, ongoing research is recommended to ensure efficiency in terms of performance, reliability and durability of in situ biopolymer applications for geotechnical engineering.
Geotechnical engineering, especially the treatment and use of soil (or soil) in construction, is a long-standing field of expertise, dating back to the beginning of human civilization. In ancient Mesopotamia and Babylon, mud was used as a common building material for different types of bricks (ie, sun-dried and fired) to make city buildings. The Sumerians widely used bitumen as a binder to improve the strength and durability of earthen walls [1]. In ancient Egypt, underground engineering methods were developed to create barriers to control the annual floods of the Nile River [2]. Engineers in ancient China used melted rice flour that contained amylopectin as a binder to build the Great Wall [3].
As civilization progressed, the strength and durability of building materials also improved. The discovery of natural pozzolanic materials such as fly ash improved architecture, including the famous concrete of ancient Rome. The representative formula of Roman concrete was a mixture of explosive dust with a binder such as gypsum or lime, with added aggregates, and was used to create very strong buildings including arches and domes [4]. After the Industrial Revolution, ordinary cement (i.e. Portland cement) became the most widely used building and construction, not only for purposes, but also for soil stabilization and reinforcement (Figure 1).
The main purpose of soil rehabilitation and improvement (ie, engineered soil) is to improve the engineering properties of certain soils, including their strength (ie, resistance), hydraulic conductivity, and resistance to wetting and drying, as well as weather conditions. . wake up [5]. There are two primary methods used to create artificial soil: mechanical development and chemical treatment. Mechanical improvement is a process of improving soil strength through physical processes such as compaction, drainage, external loading (eg, expansion), compaction, or other methods. Chemical treatment involves chemical reactions such as hydration or pozzolanic reactions within the soil to create a synthetic bond, such as using calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) between the soil particles [5].
How To Improve Soil Quality? ✔️
As an alternative to traditional soil treatment and improvement methods, biological methods are now being thoroughly investigated in the field of geotechnical engineering, including the injection of microorganisms and precipitation of the product. In particular, microbial induced polymers – or biopolymers – have been introduced as a new type of construction binder, especially for soil treatment and regeneration.
Until now, many studies on the use of these biopolymers have attempted experiments that have produced preliminary results and analysis, and the number of descriptive articles and studies of practical use in the literature is still limited. In response, this paper provides a comprehensive review of biopolymer applications in geotechnical engineering including recent studies. In this review, reinforcement mechanisms between conventional biopolymers and soil based on microscopic inter-particle interactions are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of using biopolymer are compared to those of existing methods of soil engineering. Finally, the possibility of effective implementation is evaluated through economic analysis, including ecological considerations.
Ordinary Portland cement currently dominates the field of materials used for construction and engineering purposes: 5245 million tons of hydraulic (ie, ordinary Portland) cement was produced worldwide in 2012 [6]. Portland cement has many engineering advantages, such as great strength and durability, performance and hydraulics, as well as low cost (60 ~ 100 USD/ton, in developed countries), and these factors have led to its widespread use in various soil applications. improvement, concrete buildings, and road in civil engineering and construction [7].
In geotechnical engineering projects, cement has been used in many formats, including deep cement mix (DCM), grouting, soil nails, and soil stabilization, and is now the most popular engineering soil. However, despite the advantages of cement and its many uses, over-reliance and over-use of cement has led to many environmental problems.
An Agroecological Structure Model Of Compost—soil—plant Interactions For Sustainable Organic Farming
Per 1 ton of Portland cement, will be released into the air. In addition, about 0.4 tons of CO
Are released due to the burning of carbon oil during the production of 1 ton of cement, because calcination needs to heat up to 1450 ° C. The amount of CO
In 1995, for example, 1453 M·tonnes of cement were produced worldwide, accounting for approximately 5% of global CO per year.
Cement emissions related to cement production (Figure 2a) have doubled in the last 30 years, from 4.2% in 1980 to 9.0% in 2012. In addition, the annual growth of CO.
Sustainable Food System
Emissions related to the use of cement in geotechnical applications (eg, mixing, grouting, soil stabilization) account for 2% of total CO.
Cement production (ie, 3.05 B·tons in 2011) [11, 13]. So, replacing 10% of the cement used with low-carbon materials in geotechnical engineering equipment leads to a reduction of 6.1 M·tonnes of CO.
The presence of cement in the soil (for example, mixed in the soil) quickly raises the pH of the soil to 12-13, due to the release of alkaline hydroxide (OH-) ions as a product of hydration [15]. This increase in pH can affect living organisms, and therefore can have harmful effects [16].
The widespread use of cement-based construction also causes related issues in the urban environment, such as increased urban runoff, heat islands, and inhibiting vegetation growth. In addition, since the hydration reaction of cement is irreversible, it is difficult to restore the soil-cement mixtures to their original state (ie, untreated soil), and in addition, problems of demolition arise [17].
Pdf) Microbial Geo Technology In Ground Improvement Techniques: A Comprehensive Review
The pace of urbanization can be accelerated due to the greater use of non-permeable cement concrete with increasing urbanization. Absence of soil infiltration and excessive groundwater flow can produce floods, and are closely related to economic and environmental losses such as housing or infrastructure damage [18, 19]. In addition, surface erosion also pollutes the quality of all water by the flow of various pollutants and pollutants in water from urban areas [20,21].
The urban heat island effect is mainly caused by concrete or asphalt materials, which have much lower thermal properties than those of clay [22]. Urban heat islands can have environmental effects such as influencing local air flow and humidity and causing the development of urban smog and heavy local rainfall [ 23 , 24 ].
In addition, the presence of cement blocks also prevents the growth of vegetation on the surface. Plants such as trees and grass can lower the ambient temperature by evapotranspiration and by
Quality improvement method, continuous improvement method, methods of ground improvement, sustainable method, sustainable improvement, blasting method of ground improvement, ground improvement, sustainable construction method, sustainable method of farming, sustainable home improvement, ground improvement method, process improvement method