What Are The 4 Different Types Of Ms – Multiple sclerosis (MS) destroys the protective covering around the nerves of the central nervous system, called the sheath. It can cause muscle weakness, vision changes, sleep disturbances, and memory problems. Although there is no cure, treatment options can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.
With MS, your immune system attacks the wrong cells in your body. These are the protective coverings that surround the nerves of the brain and spinal cord. Damage to the spinal cord interrupts the messages (signals) your nerves send to the rest of your body to perform functions such as feeling and moving.
What Are The 4 Different Types Of Ms
Damage can occur to the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that supply your eyes. There is no cure for MS, but treatments are available to reduce damage and manage symptoms.
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There are four different types of multiple sclerosis. You can think of categories as a way of describing symptoms rather than four different states:
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These symptoms vary from person to person and can vary from one day to the next. You may have some of these symptoms, but it is more likely that you will experience them all at once.
This can be difficult to predict because everyone has their own idea of ”normal”. With MS, there may be periods of remission where your symptoms go away and you feel better. You may even forget you have MS until symptoms flare up (relapse). This sense of normality, the degree of normality can vary by type and stage.
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Removal or destruction of the nucleus causes multiple sclerosis. It is a protective covering around the nerve cells (neurons) in your brain and spinal cord. It carries messages (signals) between your brain and the rest of your body to control functions such as vision, sensation, and movement.
The job of your immune system is to protect your body from harmful things like bacteria or viruses. With MS, your immune system becomes overactive and attacks healthy skin (and sometimes nerve cells under the skin) as a threat to your body. Your immune system attacks and damages healthy tissue. This is a definition.
During an imaging test (MRI), your provider may find evidence of liver damage. They may call it a line, lesion or plaque. Messages do not travel easily between damaged nerve cells, which leads to the development of MS symptoms.
Experts do not know why some people develop MS. Research shows that the following may contribute to the risk of developing MS:
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There is no single diagnostic tool to diagnose this disease. Instead, a provider will diagnose MS after a physical exam, neurological exam, and tests. During the exam, your provider will learn more about your symptoms and medical history. Testing may include blood work, MRI of the brain and spine, and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.
It takes time to get an official diagnosis of MS. You may need to make several trips to see your provider. This is because the symptoms of MS can mimic or occur with other co-occurring conditions. While the delay in getting a formal diagnosis can be frustrating, getting the right diagnosis can help your provider accurately treat your symptoms.
If your primary care provider suspects that you have MS, they may refer you to a neurologist. A neurologist is a doctor who deals with the nervous system, which includes your brain and spinal cord.
Treatment for multiple sclerosis focuses on reducing further damage, managing symptoms, and managing complications. Your treatment plan may include:
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Your healthcare provider may recommend a plasma exchange (plasmapheresis) if your body does not respond to certain medications during an MS attack. This is more effective at reducing damage from a sustained attack as opposed to preventing additional attacks over a longer period of time.
Your provider can also discuss whether there are any clinical trials you may be eligible to participate in. Clinical trials are testing new drugs or using existing drugs in humans to find new treatment options for MS and other conditions.
Medicines for multiple sclerosis can reduce relapses (the period during which symptoms get worse or new symptoms appear) and reduce the development of new lesions/ulcers, slowing the progression of the disease. Common types of medications for MS include:
Disease-modifying treatments are the most effective way to reduce the number of severe flare-ups you have.
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A healthy lifestyle is also important. Diseases you choose can contribute to slow growth. Your healthcare provider may recommend the following:
Coping with a chronic condition can be emotionally difficult. MS can sometimes affect your mood and memory. Working with a neuropsychologist or mental health provider is an important part of long-term management.
Multiple sclerosis is life-long without treatment. However, available treatment options are very effective in managing symptoms and reducing the frequency of flare-ups. Regardless of treatment, MS can be disabling and make it difficult to do normal activities without help over time. Your care team is here to support you on your MS journey, prevent complications and improve your quality of life.
You can expect a normal life expectancy with MS. Older studies suggested that MS could add up to 10 years to your life, but advances in treatment options have significantly improved that outlook. Only in rare cases is MS fatal.
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Yes. MS can be a difficult condition to diagnose and manage, but your care team will support you every step of the way. Even if you have the condition without treatment, you can live a full and active life with MS. From medications to therapy, there is support available to help you maximize your function, both physically and mentally. There are also support groups that can help you connect with people who share a similar experience.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating condition. Symptoms may include burning or itching. MS can also hurt you if you lose your balance. Your healthcare provider can help you manage this condition so you can get back to your normal routine. You may need to adapt your lifestyle, such as using mobility devices or wearing glasses. But most people with MS live full and active lives with the help of their care team. Tell your providers if you have questions about treatment options or any symptoms or problems. Figure 1: Statistics of multiple sclerosis. Researchers studied nearly 125 million Americans to calculate the most accurate statistics on multiple sclerosis to date.
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease for which there is no known cure. This is because the immune system is attacking your nerves.
It appears unexpectedly and causes numbness, loss of balance or loss of strength.
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Figure 2: Calculation of MS prevalence. Researchers have algorithmically calculated its prevalence while studying its species. They studied 125 million Americans and found that about 600,000 to 700,000 had multiple sclerosis.
The research team algorithmically studied the medical records of nearly 125,000,000 people in the United States to determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis.
They found that in 2010, 309 out of every 100,000 people in the United States had multiple sclerosis.
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They estimated that in 2017 this had increased to 350/100,000. In this short period of seven years, the researchers managed to find great changes.
Figure 3: The spread of multiple sclerosis develops. The high and low rates of multiple sclerosis show significant year-over-year increases.
They based this estimate on several databases. The chart above shows high estimates based on low estimates. As you can see, researchers have seen an increase in the number of people with MS worldwide year after year.
The estimate in red above is from Truven’s personal insurance database. It can be higher because there are more patients. The bottom line in green comes from Medicare, which usually covers older patients.
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Figure 4: Multiple sclerosis by age and sex. Multiple sclerosis is more common among middle-aged women, but it can affect anyone. The risk is highest among men and women in their 50s and 60s. The risk for women is several times higher.
Many people can get multiple sclerosis, but it is more common among middle-aged women. The risk of multiple sclerosis decreases after 50 to 70 years.
Figure 5: Multiple sclerosis by state. People who live in the Northeast and Midwest have a higher risk of multiple sclerosis than people who live in the South and West.
People who live in northern states and countries have a higher risk of multiple sclerosis, as shown in the data above.
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The reasons for this are not fully known. A popular theory suggests that this may be due to differences in vitamins